3分六合 - (2023已更新(搜狗/知乎)

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

广东增城铁路物流园累计开行中欧班列300趟******

　　中新网广州1月9日电 (郭军 王春强 韩逸)1月9日15时，汽笛长鸣，满载着106个标准集装箱货物的X8186次中欧班列，从广铁集团增城铁路物流园缓缓驶出，经由霍尔果斯口岸出境后，开启奔赴欧洲中部的旅程。这是增城铁路物流园国际班列常态化开行的第300趟中欧班列。

　　据了解，该趟班列满载着665吨食品、家用电器、衣服鞋帽、电子设备等优质年货产品，预计16天后抵达1.1万公里以外的欧洲。

　　截至目前，今年增城铁路物流园已累计开行6趟中欧班列，运输年货逾两千吨，开行数量同比去年增幅达100%，向亚欧地区源源不断输送“广东造”湾区年货，迎来园区新年“开门红”。

　　“为确保班列准点开行，物流园建立了中欧班列‘绿色通道’和服务专窗，提供‘7×24’小时物流服务，实时盯控跟踪货物到达和货车配空情况，确保‘货到即装’，及时准点发车，全面保障中欧班列运输高效畅通。”广东粤通铁路物流有限公司副总经理韦经裕介绍。

　　随着防疫政策的优化调整，国内外经贸交流日益常态化，中欧班列凭借着安全快捷、绿色环保、成本较低、受自然环境影响小、检疫环节接触感染风险低等优势成功“出圈”，助力大湾区在“钢铁丝路”上跑出加速度。同时，中欧班列也成为促进跨境经贸交流，保障全球供应链畅通，推动“一带一路”沿线国家提振经济的中坚力量。

　　“中欧班列一直在跨境物流大通道上维系正常的供应体系，帮助了我们本土企业缓解出口运力紧张，为‘一带一路’国家送去‘中国制造’优质产品。”广州大顺发国际物流有限公司运营总监许鸿展非常满意。

　　据悉，广铁集团常态化开行中欧班列已逾7年，大湾区国际货运班列开行数量，从最初的一周1趟增长至日均超2.6趟，服务版图也从“一点一线”拓展到中欧“成网成片”。增城铁路物流园是粤港澳大湾区中欧班列的重要站点，已与广州国际港、南沙港以及深圳平湖南等多个广东地区中欧班列站点形成区域联动，为实现大湾区优质商品“优进优出”“快进快出”提高运输保障。

　　“春节前增城铁路物流园预计还将开行15余趟中欧“年货班列”，以日用品、数码产品、防疫物品等货物为主，主要发往波兰马拉和德国汉堡、杜伊斯堡等地。”广东粤通铁路物流有限公司副总经理韦经裕说。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）